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The sequential behavioral approach used in the
2024-01-10
The sequential behavioral approach used in the present study reinforced the involvement of the BDNF/TRKB system in the effect of losartan. In mice with dampened BDNF expression, losartan was no longer able to exert antidepressant-like effects. Similar to what was observed after losartan treatment, t
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br Prostate cancer and resistance to AR targeting
2024-01-10
Prostate cancer and resistance to AR targeting treatment The AR plays a pivotal role in the development, differentiation, homeostasis and secretory function of the normal prostate (Wilson, 2011). The AR is also a key player in many phases of prostate carcinogenesis (Huggins et al., 1941, Scher an
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Detailed analysis of the dose
2024-01-10
Detailed analysis of the dose dependence of Aβ effects revealed that at low amounts, Aβ can also act as a positive regulator of presynaptic activity, enhancing the neurotransmitter release probability and increasing the neuronal excitability [2]. The facilitator effects of low Aβ dose on excitatory
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br Introduction Several studies have found that hypothalamic
2024-01-10
Introduction Several studies have found that hypothalamic Akt-mediated signaling pathways play critical roles in the regulation of food intake and Chlorpropamide metabolism in mammals [[1], [2], [3], [4], [5], [6]]. Central injections of the inhibitor of phosphoinositide 3- kinases (PI3 K, an up
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The macrophage is the major cell type responsible for
2024-01-10
The macrophage is the major cell type responsible for cholesterol uptake and metabolism associated with the initiation and progression of atherosclerosis in focal areas of the arterial subendothelial space. In advanced atherosclerotic lesions of cardiovascular disease, cholesterol-induced macrophage
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br Acknowledgements The authors would like to thank Dr Bradf
2024-01-10
Acknowledgements The authors would like to thank Dr. Bradford B. Lowell for providing us with β-less and WT breeding pairs. Funding sources: This work was supported by NIH Grant DK028082 (to E.M.F) and by an Institutional Research Training Grant NRSA 5T32DK751627 (to N.D.). Introduction The e
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Fig A shows a schematic representation of histological resul
2024-01-10
Fig. 2A shows a schematic representation of histological results according to the Franklin and Paxinos Mouse Brain Atlas (2001). The black circles represent the sites of drug infusion that were on-target within the amygdala. Gray circles represent the animals that had infusion locations outside the
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Bestatin hydrochloride br Functional consequences of ADK reg
2024-01-09
Functional consequences of ADK regulation on neuronal excitability Adenosine modulates neuronal excitability via activation of the high affinity A1 or A2A, low-affinity A2B, or low abundance A3 adenosine receptors that feed into a multitude of different neuronal and astrocytic pathways (Blum et a
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br Occurrence of Inosine in RNA Inosine
2024-01-09
Occurrence of Inosine in RNA Inosine is widespread among various types of RNAs including transfer RNA (tRNA), ribosomal RNA (rRNA), messenger RNA (mRNA), long noncoding RNA (lncRNA), and microRNA (miRNA). Within these RNAs, inosine can appear in different locations as well. Table 1 lists examples
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Optimization of the B ring
2024-01-09
Optimization of the B-ring specifically targeted preventing the oxidation of the ring system (). As described above, the 4-position of the phenyl ring provides the appropriate vector towards bulk solvent. - and -linked substitutions at the 4-position of the B-ring from the 4-fluoro-nitrophenyl inter
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Prostate cancer is the second leading
2024-01-09
Prostate cancer is the second leading cause of cancer-related death in men in the United States [25]. Similar to pancreatic cancer, prostate cancer has few diagnostic options available, particularly to differentiate indolent from aggressive disease. Axl is also overexpressed in ∼50% of prostate canc
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br ATX LPA pathway in
2024-01-09
ATX–LPA pathway in animal models of rheumatoid arthritis Several animal models have been used to characterize the mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of arthritis and to test new therapeutic strategies. The collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) model (Courtenay et al., 1980, Luross and Williams, 2
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While it is known that
2024-01-09
While it is known that circulating LDL-C levels are largely regulated by either controlling the rate of hepatic production of its triglyceride-rich precursor VLDL particle or the rate of LDLR-mediated LDL particle clearance [58], it should be noted that important differences exist between rodents an
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br Introduction Hepatocellular carcinoma HCC is an
2024-01-09
Introduction Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is an aggressive and malignant cancer detected in clinical practice, as it is the third key reason of tumor-related deaths worldwide, with > 800, 000 mortalities every year (Torre et al., 2015). Current treatments for HCC are surgical therapy, liver tra
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In conclusion there are only a
2024-01-09
In conclusion, there are only a few experimental reports evaluating the influence of Cy3 NHS ester on allergy. With the exception of studies using macrolides, most point to their harmful effect on the severity of this disease. Future studies will be crucial to define the impact of antibiotic use on
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