• In the present study we characterized the expression of

  2022-01-13

  

  In the present study, we characterized the expression of glucose transporters in the developing and adult mouse lens and showed that GLUT1 is the primary transporter expressed in the lens epithelium. We found that mice with a homozygous deletion of Slc2a1 from the lens epithelium developed cataracts

• Introduction Osteoarthritis OA is a prevalent disease charac

  2022-01-12

  

  Introduction Osteoarthritis (OA) is a prevalent disease characterized by chronic joint degeneration, including articular cartilage loss, synovitis and osteophyte formation [1], [2], [3], [4], [5]. The cause of OA is metabolic imbalance and mechanical stress, which is coupled with inflammation, lead

• FPR family Human FPR was first defined biochemically in

  2022-01-12

  

  FPR family Human FPR was first defined biochemically, in 1976, as a high affinity binding site on the surface of neutrophils for the prototypic N-formyl peptide formyl-methionine-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLF). It was then cloned in 1990, by Boulay et al. from a differentiated HL-60 myeloid leukemia-c

• The activation of GPR FFA signaling triggers

  2022-01-12

  

  The activation of GPR40/FFA1 signaling triggers the PLC/PIP2 signaling pathway and results in Ca2+ release from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Increased Ca2+ levels may lead to activation of different protein kinases, such as Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type IV, Akt, extracellular sign

• At baseline Hdc KO mice

  2022-01-12

  

  At baseline, Hdc-KO mice have alterations in the examined signaling cascades that resemble those seen in WT mice after RAMH challenge. Specifically, Cy3-UTP of MSK1 at T581 and of rpS6 ad S235/236 are elevated in dMSNs to a similar extent after saline in KO mice and after RAMH challenge in WT sibli

• Distribution of histamine receptors in the intestines varies

  2022-01-12

  

  Distribution of histamine receptors in the intestines varies among species, but our findings are similar to those previously reported in humans and guinea pigs (Thurmond, 2010, Thurmond, 2015). H1 receptors were located mainly in the gastric mucosa, smooth muscle, and lymphoid tissue, corresponding

• br Results br Discussion In this study we found that

  2022-01-12

  

  Results Discussion In this study, we found that ZNF280A was elevated in CRC tissues and a high expression of ZNF280A correlated with advanced clinicopathological features, poor prognosis, and disease progression in CRC patients. Furthermore, silencing ZNF280A attenuated proliferation and inhib

• OS has a key role in the

  2022-01-12

  

  OS has a key role in the pathogenesis of micro- and macrovascular diabetic complications [3]. There is now convincing evidence that the enzymes that generate ROS and gasotransmitters, such as nitric oxide (NO) and CO, are redox regulated at both the transcription and activity levels, and are also im

• FoxM a downstream target of Gli has been mainly

  2022-01-12

  

  FoxM1, a downstream target of Gli, has been mainly related to guanylyl cyclase regulation and cellular proliferation in tumor (Alvarez-Fernandez and Medema, 2013, Halasi and Gartel, 2013, Teh et al., 2002). Especially, FoxM1 is a regulator of G1/S and G2/M transitions and M-phase progression (Wonse

• br Hedgehog pathway The Hedgehog pathway Fig derives its nam

  2022-01-12

  

  Hedgehog pathway The Hedgehog pathway (Fig. 1) derives its name from Hh gene mutant Drosophila, which presents a spiked phenotype resembling the animal “hedgehog” [13]. The Hh proteins control embryonic development in vertebrates, where the signaling mechanisms mediated by the proteins are multip

• A repertoire of cytotoxic payloads

  2022-01-12

  

  A repertoire of cytotoxic payloads is increasing; among those, MMAE has been utilized for the highly effective ADC brentuximab vedotin. However, the ADCs which utilized MMAE to target GCC in solid tumors have shown a poor efficacy suggesting that various tumor types respond differently to a given to

• Here we investigate the structural and

  2022-01-12

  

  Here we investigate the structural and biochemical properties of the N-GTPase domain of p190RhoGAP-A. We determine the crystal structure and find that N-GTPase adopts an extended GTPase-like fold with six unique inserts that seem to preclude its ability to bind typical GAP, GEF, or hmg-coa reductase

• In this study we explore different mathematical

  2022-01-12

  

  In this study, we explore different mathematical models for describing the IVIVC of a preclinical dataset of 12 different dual GPR109A/GPR81 agonists. The objective is to establish a predictive model of in vivo lipolysis suppression in the rat based on in vitro potency data. First, a nonlinear mixe

• In this study we examined whether

  2022-01-11

  

  In this study, we examined whether zebrafish ionocytes might also share other types of similarity in transport function with kidney cells. In addition to ion transport, mammalian kidney Mexiletine HCl also play key roles in xenobiotic elimination, through the action of ATP-Binding Cassette (ABC) tr

• Apoptosis a form of programmed cell

  2022-01-11

  

  Apoptosis, a form of programmed cell death, is a critical component in maintaining homeostasis and growth in all tissues and plays a significant role in immunity and cytotoxicity [54,55]. Although GR are expressed in all immune cells, the physiological outcomes of GR activation are highly cell type-

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