• AMPHs facilitate dopamine release which further triggers dop

  2021-01-28

  

  AMPHs facilitate dopamine release, which further triggers dopamine depletion [72]. Indeed, we observed that repeated treatment of MPA significantly inhibited TH-, DAT-, and VMAT-2 levels. Since DAT and VMAT-2 are important for dopaminergic terminal markers [10], their decreases suggest that MPA-indu

• Direct coupling between DNA methyltransferase

  2021-01-28

  

  Direct coupling between DNA methyltransferase enzymes and posttranslational modifications on histone proteins has been observed in mammals. For example, DNMT3A recognizes unmodified H3 through an ATRX-DNMT3-DNMT3L (ADD) domain, and its activity is inhibited by methylation of H3 at K4 (Li et al., 201

• Family and twin studies have estimated the heritability of

  2021-01-28

  

  Family and twin studies have estimated the heritability of obesity to be between 40 and 70% [5], [6], [7]. However, all known risk variants can only account for ∼3% of the variance in BMI [8], [9]. Therefore, alternate methods are needed to identify additional risk factors. In recent decades, Drosop

• The p controls transcription of several genes that affect th

  2021-01-28

  

  The p53 controls transcription of several genes that affect the release of cytochrome c in the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway [44]. In addition, p53 can induce a transcription-independent apoptosis through a direct interaction with the Bcl-2 family proteins [45]. However, the role of mitochondrial

• br Results and discussion br Conclusion This study describes

  2021-01-27

  

  Results and discussion Conclusion This study describes the development of a highly sensitive on-sorbent derivatisation technique, using the novel high-surface area CMV devices, to sample methamphetamine vapour. Previous methods for air sampling for methamphetamine such as sampling cassettes ha

• br Conclusion The past few years have

  2021-01-27

  

  Conclusion The past few years have witnessed substantial progress in understanding the structural mechanisms of substrate recognition and the reactions catalyzed by the O-GlcNAc-cycling enzymes, but more work remains. In particular, future research will be needed to establish how OGT and OGA inte

• Introduction Collagen fibrillogenesis the assembly of

  2021-01-27

  

  Introduction Collagen fibrillogenesis, the assembly of collagen fibers, is a critical process in the development, maturation, and repair of mammalian tissue. Alterations in the structure and amount of deposited collagen fibers can greatly alter the integrity of the whole tissue. Even a single point

• All DGKs have at least two cysteine

  2021-01-27

  

  All DGKs have at least two cysteine-rich regions homologous to the C1A and C1B motifs of PKCs [26]. In theory, these domains may bind DAG, perhaps localizing DGKs to where DAG accumulates. However, no DGK C1 domain has so far been conclusively shown to bind DAG. In fact, structural predictions sugg

• However there are still some

  2021-01-27

  

  However, there are still some issues that remain poorly understood. For instance, how TGF-β modulates DDR2 expression and whether Smads participate in the regulation. How does DDR2 regulate the expression of PTHrP via Runx2? Is there any other kinase downstream of DDR2 participating in PTHrP regulat

• Due to cell cell interactions high concentrations of

  2021-01-27

  

  Due to cell-cell interactions, high concentrations of LTs can be locally generated in a short period of time during an inflammatory response, thus potentiating LT function. The cellular communication can be mediated between immune cells as well as between immune cells other cell types. Several studi

• The mechanism by which these HIV PIs impair skeletal muscle

  2021-01-27

  

  The mechanism by which these HIV-PIs impair skeletal muscle palmitate transport and oxidation has been partially elucidated. CD36 (also referred to as fatty fasudil translocase; FAT) is a transmembrane protein involved in the transport of long-chain fatty acids (LCFA) across cellular membranes. It

• The mechanisms by which Cav enhances embryonal

  2021-01-26

  

  The mechanisms by which Cav-1 enhances embryonal tumor progression are currently unknown. Given the documented ability of Cav-1 to drive increased biogenesis of caveolae and accelerate the flow of nutrients (mostly glucose and fatty acids) across the membrane, as observed in particular in adipocytes

• Another important consideration with respect to drug conditi

  2021-01-26

  

  Another important consideration with respect to drug conditioning suggested by the present findings is the observation of an attenuated mass to moles calculator on the second extinction trial. Seemingly, if ERK measurements were made following a partial reduction in the conditioned response the ERK

• To understand the behavior of enzymes in ILs at a

  2021-01-26

  

  To understand the behavior of enzymes in ILs at a molecular level, it is first desirable to dissolve enzymes in the solvents. For soluble catalysts, there are many relatively simple spectroscopic and other techniques for obtaining accurate information at a molecular level. Parker et al. [9] reporte

• In human neuroblastoma SH SY Y cells

  2021-01-26

  

  In human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y ion channel and in lymphoma Jurkat cells, Yamanaka et al. [56] showed that exogenously added 24(S)-hydroxycholesterol could be efficiently esterified by ACAT1. These results suggest that both ACAT1 and ACAT2 can control the oxysterol levels by directly esterifying the

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